A report by Coleago Consulting Ltd.

The GSMA endorses the findings and conclusions of this report.

5G will bring major benefits to end users over the coming years. Starting with the existing trends and anticipating further evolution in the longer term, this report elaborates on the importance of making more mid-bands spectrum available for IMT as an essential means to achieve the 5G vision.

The report provides an analysis of the future spectrum needs based on area traffic density demand for the 2025-2030 timeframe, accounting for the 5G target minimum performance requirements. This report considers the spectrum needed to fulfil the user experienced data rates of 100 Mbit/s on the downlink, and 50 Mbit/s on the uplink, defined by the ITU-R for IMT-2020.

Additional mid-bands spectrum for 5G would enable mobile operators to deliver the ITU-R IMT-2020 specifications, notably the user experienced data rates of 100 and 50 Mbit/s on the downlink and uplink in cities, in an economically feasible manner. This report provides an analysis for eleven cities with a population density of 9,000 people per km2 or more, namely Paris, Lyon, Marseille, Berlin, Munich, Hamburg, Madrid, Barcelona, Rome, Milan, and the Amsterdam – The Hague region. Our analysis concludes that in addition to building many more small cells, 1000 to 2000 MHz of additional mid-bands spectrum is required to deliver the 5G vision of downlink user experienced data rate of 100 Mbit/s across the city, i.e. citywide “speed coverage”, and also to satisfy the 50 Mbit/s uplink target. The selected cities have characteristics that also apply to a broad number of other larger cities.

In urban areas with a population density below 9,000 people per km2, mobile operators will also have to densify the network with small cells to deliver the 5G downlink and uplink user experienced data rates, but additional upper mid-band spectrum would reduce the need for cell site densification, thus delivering an environmental benefit.

Making available 1000 to 2000 MHz additional mid-bands spectrum for 5G-NR can also make a major contribution to achieving the European Union’s 2025 connectivity goal. The cost of reaching the European target of making 100 Mbit/s broadband available to 100% of households with FTTH amounts to €123 billion, with an estimated €53 billion of this in rural areas. If FWA using this additional 1000 to 2000 MHz of midbands spectrum is used in rural Europe instead of FTTH, this would result in a saving of €42 billion. Importantly, this additional spectrum would provide sufficient bandwidth to ensure that fibre-like speed FWA will also be able to address the needs for fixed connectivity as a long-term solution for rural areas.

The development of automated driving systems and connected vehicles is still in its infancy. The safety and environmental benefits that automated driving and connected vehicles will bring to society are significant but, to realise this vision, reliable high speed connectivity and capacity are required. Additional mid-band spectrum would materially reduce the cost of providing the required area traffic capacity along 

SOURCE GSMA | IMT Spectrum Demand: Estimating the mid-bands spectrum needs in the 2025-2030 timeframe - GSMA Europe

motorways.

THE CONCLUSION ABOUT THESE MEETINGS FROM OUR SIDE IS THAT THE BIG TECH WANT THE CITIZENS TO PAY FOR THESE INVESTMENTS WHEN THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION OPOSES SUCH SOLUTION BY FOLLOWING THE SOCIAL POLICIES AND HOPING TO THE CONTRIBUTION OF THESE COMPANIES.MY CONTRIBUTION TO THE DISCUSSIONS APART FROM OUR PROPOSAL FOR THE EUROPEAN INTERNET THE SYNNET  AND  BETTER RESEARCH ON A  TECHNICAL LEVEL FOR THE  DEPLOYMENT OF 5G SO THAT HARMFULL ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS TO BE ELIMINATED ,CAN BE EXPRESSED BY THE WORDS SPOKEN TO THE TECHNICAL GIANTS:

how can a simple man who has in his pocket 0,24 cents  (trillion) negotiate properly with another one who has 7,11 dollars (trillion) ? (the capitalization )

MERCI FOR SUPPORTING OUR POLICIES

HYGEIAINETE

How Long Can the Federal Reserve Stave Off the Inevitable?

When are America’s global corporations and Wall Street going to sit down with President Trump and explain to him that his trade war is not with China but with them.The biggest chunk of America’s trade deficit with China is the offshored production of America’s global corporations. When the corporations bring the products that they produce in China to the US consumer market, the products are classified as imports from China.  

Six years ago when I was writing The Failure of Laissez Faire Capitalism, I concluded on the evidence that half of US imports from China consist of the offshored production of US corporations.Offshoring is a substantial benefit to US corporations because of much lower labor and compliance costs. Profits, executive bonuses, and shareholders’ capital gains receive a large boost from offshoring.  The costs of these benefits for a few fall on the many—the former American employees who formerly had a middle class income and expectations for their children.

In my book, I cited evidence that during the first decade of the 21st century “the US lost 54,621 factories, and manufacturing employment fell by 5 million employees.  Over the decade, the number of larger factories (those employing 1,000 or more employees) declined by 40 percent. US factories employing 500-1,000 workers declined by 44 percent; those employing between 250-500 workers declined by 37 percent, and those employing between 100-250 workers shrunk by 30 percent. These losses are net of new start-ups.  Not all the losses are due to offshoring.  Some are the result of business failures” (p. 100).

In other words, to put it in the most simple and clear terms, millions of Americans lost their middle class jobs not because China played unfairly, but because American corporations betrayed the American people and exported their jobs. “Making America great again” means dealing with these corporations, not with China.  When Trump learns this, assuming anyone will tell him, will he back off China and take on the American global corporations?
MORE AT how long can the federal reserve stave off the inevitable

A SIMILAR SITUATION IS GOING ON AT EUROPEAN LANDS DUE TO IMITATION AND N.Y.'s ORDERS,ON THE VARIOUS FINANCIAL SECTORS.
ANOTHER IMPORTANT PARAMETER IS THE GLOBAL DEBT,FOR WHICH NOBODY SEEMS TO TAKE CARE,BECAUSE N.Y IS BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF THE DEBT ECONOMY(SEE AIR-WIND ECONOMY).

ABOUT THE EUROPEAN DEBT AN IDEA CAN BE GIVEN HERE WITHOUT THE INCLUSION OF REGIONAL&MUNICIPALITIES PUBLIC-PRIVATE DEBTS:

european debt clock
THIS SITE IS RELIED ON: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/    AND  http://www.haushaltssteuerung.de/

BUT, 

Eurostat statistics are based on four broad categories of debt, which are guarantees issued by the state in relation to the liabilities of third parties. However, there are contingent liabilities which cannot be found in the official statistics. Those liabilities are not ‘hard’ debts but if even a small part of those guarantees was due to be repaid it would result in huge holes in the national budgets. This means there is accumulation of risks of which many are unaware.

“Under certain conditions, these contingent liabilities may become actual liabilities. Similarly, non-performing loans can mean a loss to the state if these loans are not repaid,” according to Eurostat.

“Thus, this data represents a further step towards greater transparency of public finances in the European Union, providing a more comprehensive picture of possible effects on Member States' public finances.”

In all EU member states, liabilities related to off-balance public-private partnerships (PPPs), which are long-term construction contracts where assets are not recorded in government accounts, were below 4 percent of GDP.

The level of liabilities of public corporations classified outside general government differs widely across the bloc, the report said.

The unrecorded debts of PPP projects stand out in Slovenia and Portugal. Slovenia has the highest stock of non-performing loans (asset) of general government, at 5.9 percent of GDP.

The Eurostat report also noted that “in general, financial institutions report high amounts of debt liabilities; however they also have, at the same time, significant level of assets which are not captured in this data collection.”

According to a German daily newspaper Die Welt, the largest chunk of that unaccounted debt relates to the liabilities of state companies, such as Deutsche Bahn railway company in Germany.

(SOURCE https://www.rt.com/ )

THE EUROPEAN&MEDITERRANEAN DEBTS ARE INFLUENCED BY THE GLOBAL ONE.
THE AMERICAN DEBT HAS REACHED THE 21 TRILLION USD ACCORDING TO   USDEBTCLOCK    WHEN THE EU IS AROUND 16 TRILLION EURO AS IT CAN BE PROVEN BY THE PREVIOUS PARAGRAPH,CHINA's IS AT 5 TRILLION USD (CHINADBT). JAPAN IS ABOUT 9 TRILLION USD 

(JAPANDBT) WHEN  BRAZIL,INDIA  ARE HANDLING DEBTS BETWEEN 1.5-1 TRILLION USD,
THE OTHER COUNTRIES ARE BELLOW THE TRILLION(RUSSIA,S.KOREA,CANADA ETC).
HERE IS A POOR  EXPLANATION ABOUT THE TODAYs ECONOMY

THE CONCLUSION IS THAT ON A MACROECONOMIC LEVEL THE OLIGARCHIC ELITES EITHER COMMUNISTS OR CAPITALISTS ARE CONTINUING TO PROMOTE THE DEBT ECONOMY SYSTEM/MODEL BY VARIOUS METHODS WHICH HAVE NO LONG TERM VIABILITY.
OUR ECONOMIC MODEL WHICH LL BE IMPLEMENTED AFTER THE CRASH WHICH IS SURE AS THE SYSTEM CANT BE HIDDEN ANYMORE FROM ITS TRICKY METHODS WILL BE BASED ON THE CURRENCY POLICIES FOR 3 DIFFERENT NOMISMATA.

THE GEOPOLITICAL ENVIRONMENTS TO THE MAINSTREAM ECONOMIC ZONES
EUROPE/RUSSIA ,CHINA ,NORTH HOMERICA,SOUTH HOMERICA,PACIFIC ISLANDS/OCEANIA AND THE SECONDARY INDIA/PAKISTAN ,IRAN/AFGHANISTAN ,ARABIAN PENINSULA PLUS THE UNDEVELOPED CENTRAL ASIA,AFRICA SEEM TO CHANGE TO A DIRECTION WHICH COMES NEARER TO THE eCO(h)UMENIC THEORY     AND NOT TO THE GLOBALIZATION GOVERNANCE TYPE.

THIS IS A MATTER FOR FURTHER STUDY AND OBSERVATION,ESPECIALLY LATELY WITH THE NEW USA ADMINISTRATION WHICH REPRESENTS THE LAST ATTEMPTS OF N.Y. TO PERPLEXING THE WORLD SO THAT ITS POLICIES TO CONTINUE THE FRAUD.  

CONCERNING THE FEDERAL RESERVE CURRENCY POLICIES THEY TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE PREFERISM AS WE NAMED IT IN 2010 (PROTECTIONISM BY SELECTION IN TIME AND SPACE)WHICH THE CURRENT USA ADMINISTRATION IS IMPLEMENTING TO STRENGTHENING THE USD POLICIES,BESIDES THE DEBT.

THIS HAS AS CONSEQUENCE THE OTHER CURRENCIES WHICH MORE OR LESS ARE DEPENDED BY THIS AMERICAN NOMISMA TO UNDERESTIMATE THEIR NATIONAL CURRENCIES AND BY THIS WAY TO AUGMENT THEIR DEBT OBLIGATIONS TO THE USD PAYMENTS.

THAT'S WHY OUR POLITICAL SUGGESTION IS THAT FOR THE PROTECTION OF EUROPE&MEDI WE SHOULD CIRCULATE AS A NEXT STEP,2 CURRENCIES and 2 OCA's(optimal currency area).

THE EURO WHICH IS BASED MANLY ON THE POWER OF DEUTSCH MARK&THE BASKET OF THE OTHER PARTICIPANT CURRENCIES.

WHEN THE SECOND NOMISMA WILL BE BASED ON THE ENGLISH POUND/STERLING  BASKET WHICH WILL BE FILLED BY THE CURRENCIES OF THOSE COUNTRIES WHICH ARENT IN THE EURO-ZONE PLUS THOSE WHICH WANT TO DEPART.THE BREXIT AS WE HAVE WRITTEN AT OUR POLICY ARTICLES SHOULD BE POSTPONED FOR THE NEXT 5 YEARS,ACCORDING TO THE TREATIES, FOR DEEPER NEGOTIATIONS-UNDERSTANDINGS.

THE 2 NOMISMATA WILL BE HANDLED BY THE CURRENT ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE EXACTLY AS THIS SYSTEM IS MANAGING THE EURO,WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF A FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATE BETWEEN THE 2 EUROPEAN NOMISMATA AND AN INTERNAL CURRENCIES INDEPENDENT COMMITEE,BASED IN THE ECB.

THE POWERS OF THE eCOWAVES MOVEMENT IF THE CITIZENS WISH IN GOD'S WILL AT THE NEAR FUTURE, ARE GOING TO CHANGE THE TODAY DEPENDENCY OF THE CURRENCIES BASKETS&ECONOMIES FROM THE OLD ECONOMIC IDEAS BY USING INDEXES WHICH ARE BASED IN A MORE PRAGMATIC FLUCTUATION OF THE RUNNING ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTS.

THE DUAL&LATER ON THE TRIPLE CURRENCY SYSTEM WILL BE USED INTERNALLY FOR THE EUROPEAN&MEDITERRANEAN  PARTICIPANTS IN A SEPARATED FORM,SO THAT COMPETITION AND INTEGRATION TO CREATE FRUITFUL ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENTS INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL.

such monetary policies will empower our dynamics as europeans&mediterraneans inside the global arena which is facing the uncertainty of usd,in order the privilege to return to eu&medi  (pls click to read the atrticle) 

SOME THOUGHTS ABOUT A SIMILAR DIRECTION AT A MICROLEVEL CAN BE FOUND IN THIS DOCUMENT ISSUED BY THE SCOTTISH GOVERNMENT AT THE NEAR PAST:

.....Unless a formal euro opt-out were to be negotiated, an independent Scottish state may end up de facto negotiating simultaneously a commitment to adopt two different currencies: the euro (through negotiations over EU membership) and sterling (through negotiations over the membership of a formal sterling currency union)....

SOURCE    Scotland analysis: Currency and monetary policy Presented to Parliament by the Chief Secretary
ALREADY RUSSIA IS MOVING TOWARDS ANOTHER DIRECTION FROM N.Y. BEING BASED ON THEIR PAST REGIME'S EXPERIMENTS BUT LEARNING ALSO FROM THE CAPITALISTS

To force this system to collapse, one needs to meet three requirements (pls click to read the atrticle)

IT IS FOR SURE THAT THE EUROPEAN UNION AN ECONOMIC ENTITY NEEDS A REFORM (the eurozone is badly in need of reform pls click to read the article ),BUT EVOLUTIONARY-(r)  METHODS CAN ONLY BRING A GOOD RESULT FOR THE PROSPEROUS FUTURE OF THE CITIZENS IN EUROPE&MEDITERRANEAN ZONES,WHICH FOR THE MOMENT IS DECLINING.

IT WILL BE CONTINUED OUR ANALYSE FOR THE FOLLOWED BY THE CURRENT ADMINISTRATIONS  IMITATION-(L) POLICIES WHICH ARE GUIDING SURELY TO THE CHANGE.

THE QUESTION IS WHAT KIND OF CHANGE DO WE WANT?
THIS OF THE CURRENT OLIGARCHIC PARTY SYSTEM WITH OLD ECONOMIC MODELS (MARXISM,LENISM,CAPITALISM,PROTECTIONISM ETC) OR THAT WHICH IS PROPOSED BY OUR POWERS WITH A NEW  APPROACH BASED ON THE ECO-DYNAMICS MODEL???
the response  depends only from you the citizens
EUCHARISTOO FOR YOUR ATTENTION AND SUPPORT
HYGEIAINETE
YOURS FAITHFULLY
A.C.
(TO BE CONTINUED)